Fresh fish is a very useful product. However, it can also lead to infection with parasites and even cancer. How to avoid this?
What are the dangerous crucian and roach?
Scientists have identified a new focus of fish infection with dangerous parasites. Employees of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine found that helminths who cause opisthorchiate are widespread in the northeastern part of the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ilmen in the Novgorod region. Parasites were also found in fish in the area of the island of Kotlin (Kronstadt) and the city of Sestroretsk. These water bodies belong to large fishing. And besides, amateur fishing is developed there.
The northwest is not the only region of the spread of fish parasites. In Siberia, an opisthorchiasis regularly suffers a significant part of the population. The most hyperndemic focus (that is, characteristic of a given area) is the Ob and Irtysh river basin, where the incidence is the highest. These are Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamao, Omsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Tyumen regions. A lot of infections are detected in the Komi, Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Sverdlovsk, Kurgan regions. In the Moscow River, the Oka can also be affected by fish, but few.
“Parasites that cause opisthorchiage infect fish of carp rocks – these are ide, carp, tench, bream, crucian carp, roach, chebak, rudd, duckling and others. It is impossible to notice the parasite larva in them with the naked eye, its size is 0.17–0.21 mm. A person is infected when using a slightly salted, dried, poorly fried or raw wild fish containing opistarchy larvae. There is also the likelihood of metacerias infection from other products contaminated when cutting raw fish at the same cutting inventory if they are used without heat treatment, ”AIF.ru said a host of biofoores and analysis of Nutrimrocobioma Fitz and Biotechnology Svetlana Sheveleva.
It is worth noting that in carp, grown in artificial conditions, there are no parasites. We are talking about wild fishing fish of carp rocks.
Carcinogenic parasite
According to Svetlana Sheveleva, opisthorchiasis is a severe parasitic infection, which can lead to chronic complications and even cancer development. After eating infected fish, the larvae of parasites penetrate the liver, bile ducts and pancreas. After 3-4 weeks, they reach puberty and lay eggs. Parasites live 20-25 years. They feed on blood, mucus mucus, cells of the mucous membranes, thereby destroying the organs of the biliary system. The outflow of bile is disturbed, bile ducts are deformed. In places of accumulation of parasites, tumors can form. A serious consequence of opisthorchiasis is allergic reactions as a result of poisoning of the body with decay products from the vital activity of parasites. A person can suffer for years from chronic cholecystitis, gastroduodenitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, not knowing that the guilt of the parasite is all. In severe cases, peritonitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer or pancreas develop. Therefore, the parasite refers to potential carcinogens.
Symptoms of the disease depend on the dose of the obtained parasites. If a person eats a heavily infected fish or a large portion, then an acute stage will arise, which is accompanied by fever, headache, malaise, rash, lomota in muscles and joints, nausea, vomiting. Usually, in such cases, a diagnosis is immediately made, a person is treated, and he recovers.
If a person consumes a small dose of parasites, then there may not be obvious symptoms, except for poor tolerance of fatty foods, periodically nausea. According to these signs, it is difficult to make a diagnosis. Meanwhile, parasites will settle in the body and after many years can cause cancer of the liver, pancreas, gall bladder.
How not to get sick?
According to the expert, opisthorchiasis is easier to warn than to treat. To do this, the fish must be disinfected before use. Parasite larvae die if:
– cook fish with portions of at least 15 minutes after boiling;
– fry in a flattered form with pieces of up to 100 g in oil for 20 minutes, small fish can be frying entirely for 15–20 minutes;
– fish pies must be baked for at least 60 minutes;
– salt: small fish for 14 days, large (more than 25 cm) 40 days with the addition of salt of at least 2 kg per 10 kg of fish;
– After processing the fish, wash thoroughly and scald with boiling water knives and cutting boards.
Also, it is impossible to feed raw freshwater fish and fish waste by pets.
Source: aif.ru